Abstract
Abstract. As a result of global integration and financial liberalization, financial crises have been experienced quite frequently in the world since the 1980s. The effects of the financial crises in the international arena are severe and rapidly spreading. For this reason, in the studies on the crisis, various methods for early warning models have been developed on the prediction of crises. The aim of this study was to estimate the financial crisis for Turkey case by "KLR Signal Approach" that was developed by Kaminsky and Reinhart Lizondo in 1998. In this study, 7 macroeconomic variables belong to the period of 1990:01 and 2018:9 were examined. The difference of this study from other studies is that a new crisis variable has been created. It was found at the end of the study that the selected variables were successful in catching the crisis signal.
Keywords. Financial crisis, Signal approach, KLR signal approach, Early warning methods.
JEL. G01, C10, C29, F30.References
Avcı, M.A., & Altay, N.O. (2013). Finansal krizlerin sinyal yaklaşımı ile öngörülmesi: Türkiye, Arjantin, Tayland ve İngiltere için bir analiz, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14, 47-58.
Balaga, M.R., & Padhi, P. (2017). Evaluating Indian economy’s vulnerability to currency crisis.Theoretical and Applied Economics, 3(612), 97-114.
Berg, A., & Pattillo, C. (1999). Predicting currency crises: The indicators approach and an alternative, Journal of International Money and Finance, 18(4), 561-586. doi. 10.1016/S0261-5606(99)00024-8
Gujarati, N.D. (1995). Basic Econometrics (3th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill International.
International Money Fund, (2018). [Retrieved from].
Jia, X., & Li, M. (2015). An index system for financial safety of China.Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 8(2), 579-597. doi. 10.3926/jiem.1406
Kaminsky, G., Lizondo, S., & Reinhart, C.M. (1998). Leading indicators of currency crisis. IMF Staff Papers, 45(1), 1-48.
Kaminsky, G. (2000). Currency and banking crisis: The early warnings of distress. IMF Working Paper, No.99-178. [Retrieved from].
Kibritçioğlu, A. (2001). Türkiye’de ekonomik krizler ve hükümetler, 1969-2001. Yeni Türkiye Dergisi, Ekonomik Kriz Özel Sayısı, 1-18.
Mishkin, F.S. (1996). Understanding financial crisis: A devoloping country perspective, NBER Working Paper, No. 5600. doi. 10.3386/w5600
OECD. (2017). Data [Retrieved from].
Peng, D., & Bajona, C. (2008). China's vulnerability to currency crisis: A KLR signals approach, China Economic Review, 19(2), 138-151. doi. 10.1016/j.chieco.2007.09.003
Reinhart, C., Goldstein, M., & Kaminsky G. (2000). Methodology for an early warning system: The signals approach, MPRA Working Paper, No.24576. [Retrieved from].
Silva, I.N., Spatti, D.H., & Flauzino, R. A. (2016). Artifical Neural Networks: A Practical Course. Springer.
Šonje, A., & Babić, A. (2003). Measurıng and predicting currency disturbances: The “signals” approach, Ekonomski Pregled, 54(1-2), 3-37.
Stubbart, C. (1987). Improving the quality of crisis thinking, The Columbia Journal of World Business, 22(1), 1-89.
World Bank, (2017). World Development Indicators, [Retrieved from].