Abstract
Abstract. This paper reviewed extensive theoretical and empirical studies which emphasize the role human capital in form of health, in economic growth. Most of the studies used proxies like life expectancy, infant mortality rate and health expenditure to estimate the effects of health on economic growth. Majority of the studies agree the positive impact of health on the economic growth and suggest investment in health to achieve sustained economic growth.
Keywords. Health, human capital, economic growth life expectancy.
JEL. I15, O490, O47.
References
Adams, S.J. (2002). Educational attainment and health: Evidence from a sample of older adults, Education Economics, 10(1), 97-109. doi. 10.1080/09645290110110227
Behrman, J., Wolfe, B., & Tunali, I. (1981). Determinants of women's earnings in a developingcountry: a double selectivity, extended human capital approach. Institute for Research on Poverty, Discussion Paper 5, 96-80
Berger, M.C., & Leigh, J.P., (1989). Schooling, self-selection, and health. The Journal of Human Resources, 24(3), 433-455, doi. 10.2307/145822
Bhargava, A., Jamison, D.T., Lau, L.J., & Murray, C.J.L. (2001). Modeling the Effects of Health on Economic Growth. Journal of Health Economics, 20, 423-440. doi. 10.1016/S0167-6296(01)00073-X
Bloom, D.E., Canning. D., & Sevilla, J., (2004). The Effect of Health on Economic Growth: A Production Function Approach. World Development, 32(1), 1-13. doi. 10.1016/j.worlddev.2003.07.002
Edwards, L.N., & Man, G. (1979). The relationship between children's health and intellectual development. in Health: what is it worth? Elmsford, NY, Pergamon Press.
Hartwig, J., (2009). Is health capital formation good for long-term economic growth? Panel Granger-causality evidence for OECD countries. Journal of Macroeconomics, 32(1), 314-325. doi. 10.1016/j.jmacro.2009.06.003
Khan, J. (2012). The Role of Human Capital in Economic growth of Pakistan (1971-2008), Ph.D in Economics Thesis Submitted to Department of Economics, University of Peshawar, Pakistan.
Khan, J., & Khattak, N.U.R., (2013). The Significance of Research and Development For Economic Growth: The Case of Pakistan, City University Research Journal, 3(2). 175-186.
Khan, J., & Malik, Z.K., (2015), Education-Economic Growth Nexus: A Review, Journal of Economic and Social Thought, 2(2), 121-126. doi. 10.1453/jest.v2i2.312
Knowles, S., & Owen, P.D., (1995). Health Capital and Cross Country variation in IncomePer Capita in Mankiw-Romer-Weil Model. Economic Letters, 48(1), 99-106. doi: 10.1016/0165-1765(94)00577-O
McDonald, S., & Roberts, J. (2002). Growth and multiple forms of human capital in anaugmented Solow model: A panel data investigation. Economics Letters, 74(2), 271–276. doi. 10.1016/S0165-1765(01)00539-0
McMahan, W.W., (1998). Education and Growth in East Asia. Economics of Education Review, 17(2), 159-172. doi. 10.1016/S0272-7757(97)00050-2
Nakamura, J,I. (1981). Human Capital Accumulation in Premodern Rural Japan, The Journal of Economic History, 41(2), 263-281. doi. 10.1017/S0022050700043576
Ozkan, S.K., Ryder, H.E. & Weil, D.N. (2000). Mortality Decline, Human CapitalInvestment and Economic Growth. Journal of Development Economics, 62(1), 1-23. doi. 10.1016/S0304-3878(00)00073-0
Rico, A.A. & Guerrra-Turrubiate, I.A. (2005). Empirical Evidence of the Impact of Healthon Economic Growth, Issues in Political Economy, 14, 1-17.
Schultz, T. P., (2003). Human Capital, Schooling and Health. Economics and Human Biology,1, 207-221.
Shakotko, R,A., Edwards LN, & Man.G., (1980). An exploration of the dynamic Relationship between health and cognitive development in adolescence. NBER Working Paper No. 454. doi. 10.3386/w0454
Simmons J, & Alexander L. (1978). The determinants of school achievement in developing countries: A review of the research, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 26(2), 341-357. doi. 10.1086/451019
Wolfe, B.L., (1985). The Influence of Health on School Outcomes: A Multivariate Approach, Medical Care, 23(10), 1127-1138.
Vuori, J., Koivisto.P., Mutanen.P., jokisaari.M. & Aro.K. S., (2008). Towards WorkingLife: Effects of an intervention on mental health and transition to post-basic education. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72, 67-80. doi. 10.1016/j.jvb.2007.10.003
Wand, Y., & Y.Yao., (2003). Sources of China’s Economic Growth 1952–1999: In corporating Human Capital Accumulation. China Economic Review, 14, 32–52. doi: 10.1016/S1043-951X(02)00084-6